Olives require deep but infrequent irrigations

Q: I am attaching photos of an olive tree. There are four trees that were planted at least 40 years ago and they have "always" been trimmed into little balls. They are being watered for about 10 minutes every day in the summer and about 10 minutes twice a week in the winter. Two of the trees are OK. Two trees appear to have some type of mossy growth inside on the branches. It shows up best on the last picture. Can you help identify this and give any advice for care?

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